Sixty years ago this month the world’s Catholic bishops gathered in Rome to approve a historic but often neglected document. The Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, Gaudium et Spes (“Joy and Hope”), closed the Second Vatican Council and opened a new phase in the history of Catholicism. After two centuries opposing modernity, the Church embraced democracy, religious freedom and interfaith dialogue and set out a positive vision for global peace and justice.
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