In 1998, the Holy See’s Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews, published, under the name of its president, Cardinal Edward Idris Cassidy, We Remember: A reflection on the Shoah. Lauren Faulkner Rossi incorrectly describes the document as Pope John Paul II’s formal apology “for the Church’s failure to challenge the Nazi regime openly during the Holocaust”. We Remember is not at all an apology for the Church. It expresses regret for “the errors and failures of those sons and daughters of the Church” who failed “to raise their voices in protest” against “the disappearance of their Jewish neighbours”. But the document assigns no blame to the Church. On the contrary, it emphasises the condemnation of Nazi racism by th