Greece braces itself for another wave of refugees

Greece is bracing itself for thousands more refugees attempting the crossing from Turkey, as those fleeing conflict remain undeterred by the worsening weather and colder autumn temperatures.

"The waves were rolling fiercely with the salt water nearly choking us," said Syrian Um Tariq, who identified herself using the familial Arabic nickname, meaning mother of Tariq, her eldest son. "We thought we were going to die."

"The trip, meant to be a half-hour long, was a painful three hours in a tightly packed dinghy we feared would overturn," she told the Catholic News Service of the sea voyage from Turkey to this Greek island, better known in the past for its olive oil and ouzo.

Women cried out in panic and men shouted, desperately holding onto their babies and young children, appealing for assistance from the volunteers gathered on shore to help them land. Among the relief groups on the Greek island of Lesbos that are helping those coming ashore are the international Catholic Caritas organisation, the interdenominational OM Greece, EuroRelief and A Drop in the Sea.

Um Tariq recounted what pushed her family of four from Hama, Syria, to make such a dangerous trip.

"The Syrian regime arrested and jailed my eldest son some time ago. We haven't heard about him since. My husband and I escaped with another son and his wife. We were afraid that the Syrian army would conscript my son because it has lost so many men in four-and-a-half years of fighting," she said.

"If he refused to join the army, they could kill him," said the woman, who wore a black headscarf. The family hopes to join another son who is now sheltering in Norway.

And so the tide of humanity fleeing violence in Syria, Afghanistan and Iraq continues into Greece, a key entry point to Europe. Some 169 people reportedly drowned crossing the Aegean Sea in September; 44 of them were children. As autumn brought about a drop in temperature and the seas became more violent, aid workers fear the conditions will only worsen.

In one week in early October, 7,000 people a day came ashore in Greece, said the International Organisation for Migration. Recently, a one-year-old was found dead on a boat after it partially capsized.

After Syrians, Afghans are the chief nationality among the nearly half-million people who have landed on Greek shores from Turkey this year, marking a tenfold increase from 2014.

"We help them to get out of the water to get safely onto land," said Hein van der Merwe of OM Greece.

Refugees arriving from Syria are finding the crossing colder and more dangerous as autumnal conditions affect the Aegean Sea (PA)

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"As soon as the refugees see they get closer to land, they just jump into the water. Sometimes they put themselves at risk doing this," he said. They are given towels and dry clothes and something to eat and drink.

"We give them information about the 44-mile trek to the camp for registration and where they can catch buses," van der Merwe told Catholic News Service.

Caritas is also distributing vital food and essential items, like nappies, said Evelyn Karastamati, the group's emergency programme coordinator.

Sleeping bags, snacks and mats are given to those arriving on the islands of Lesbos, Kos and Chios. Caritas also provides toilets and showers for their use, she told CNS.

"The situation is changing all the time," Karastamati said, expressing concern. Although the European Union plans to set up so-called "hotspots" where people will be registered, fingerprinted and sorted to be ready in Greece and Italy by the end of November, she said groups aiding the migrants, such as Caritas, have been given no information on the measure.

Karastamati and other relief workers are also worried about proposals to make one single camp on Lesbos to house all the migrants and refugees.

After surviving the perilous Aegean Sea crossing in a dinghy, refugees face a 44-mile hike to the camps (PA)

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"We are very concerned because if they put all of these people together, Syrians with Afghans, they can create a lot of problems," she said, noting people tend to jockey for priority position.

The European Union has approved a plan to spread 160,000 migrants, mostly Syrians and Eritreans, across its 28 member states in order to tackle the continent's worst migration crisis since World War II.

"But there is no information at this time about what the Greek authorities in cooperation with the European Union want to do," Karastamati added.

A European Union official said a group of Syrian refugees, the first to be officially reassigned from Greece, was due to be relocated from Greece to Luxembourg under the EU plan around 18 October.

However, most migrants make the trek from Greece to their desired countries of destination, such as Germany and Sweden, on their own and by their own financial means.

Meanwhile, the cash-strapped Greek government, struggling to provide for its own citizens, has been turning some former Olympic facilities in Athens into shelters for mainly Afghan migrants and others with longer stays as autumn's rains have forced them out of the capital's parks.

However, the government and local authorities often depend once again on international nongovernmental organisations, like Caritas and OM Greece, as well as local churches to give out food, clothing and other items to the migrants.

Afghans who have made the long trip to the Greek islands sleep on a dock on Lesbos (PA)

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Catholics in Greece are a minority, numbering only about 200,000; the predominant faith is Orthodox. For this reason, Caritas depends on its branches in Europe, North and South America for donations to enable it to reach out to the refugees and impoverished Greeks alike with humanitarian aid.

Recently, a Caritas volunteer in Germany was able to track down two missing Afghan children separated from their family still sheltering in Athens. The volunteer had met the family in one of Caritas' soup kitchens during a visit to Athens.

"She felt immensely moved by the Afghan mother's sadness and desperation over not being able to be with her children," Karastamati explained. "But when she returned to Germany, she could not think of anything else other than finding the children."

The Caritas volunteer located the teenagers in a northern German hospital, where they were admitted for a short time due to trauma from their migration and separation from their parents.

"The family's application for family reunification has just been accepted, and they are expected to fly to northern Germany in early November," Karastamati said. "As you can imagine, they are extremely full of hope and happiness with this news."